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Karnataka Karnataka PUC , 2013, 2014, 2015

Download I Year PUC Biology Syllabus ( 10973 Downloads so far )

BIOLOGY
COURSE STRUCTURE
CLASS First Year PUC, Karnataka (Theory)
One Paper	Three Hours	Max Marks. 80
Unit	Titles	Weightage
I	Diversity in living world	07
II	Structural organization in animals and plants	12
III	Cell: Structure and function	15
IV	Plant physiology	18
V	Human Physiology	18
VI	Practical Oriented Questions	10
	Total	80

UNIT I: DIVERSITY IN LIVING WORLD
What is living?

Concept of Biodiversity

Classification of the living organisms
- Need for classification
- Three domains of life
- Five kingdoms of life and basis of five kingdom classification
- Lichens
- Virus and Virioids

Systematics and binomial System of nomenclature
- Taxonomy & Systematics
- Concept os species & taxonomic heirarchy
- Binomial nomenclature
- Salient features of classification of Monera, Protoctista (Protista) and Fungi into major groups
- Salient features of classification of plants into major groups: Algae, Bryophytes,Pteriodophytes, Gymnosperms and features of each category and at least two examples of each
- Angiosperms: classification upto class, characterisation features and examples
- Salient features of animals: Major non-chordates phyla and chordate classes. Three to five salient features and at least two examples
- Tools for study of biodiversity: Museums, Zoos, Herbaria, botanical gardens

UNIT II: STRUCTURAL ORGANISATION IN ANIMALS AND PLANTS
- Tissues in animals and plants
- Morphology including modifications, microscopic anatomy and functions of different parts of flowering plants: Root, Stem, leaf, inflorescence, flower, fruit and seed (To be dealt along with the relevant Practicals of the Practcal Syllabus)
- Morphology, anatomy and functions of different systems (digestive, circulatory, respiratory, nervous and reproductive) of an insect (cockroach) (Brief account only)

UNIT III: CELL: STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION
- Cell and its three major parts: Cell Membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus
- Cell theory and the cell as the basic unit of life
- Structure of the Prokanyotic and eucaryotic cell
- Plant cell and animal cell (brief)
- Cell Organelles:Cell envelope, cell membrane, cell wall structure and
function: mitochondria, Golgi bodies/dictyosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes, lysosomes, vacuoles, plastids, microbodies
- Cytoskeleton, cilia, flagella, centrioles (Ultrastructure and function)
- Nucleus: nuclear membrane, chromatin, nucleolus
- Chemical constituents of living cells
- Biomolecules: Structure and functions of carbohydrates, proteins, fats, lipids and nucleic acids
- Enzymes: types, properties, function and enzyme action
- Cell division: Cell cycle, significance of, and differences between Mitosis and Meiosis

UNIT IV: PLANT PHYSIOLOGY
Movement of water, food, nutrients and gases
- Absorption of water, gases and nutrients
- Cell to Cell transport
- Diffusion, facilitated diffusion, active transport
- Plant-Water Relations
- Imbibition, water potential, osmosis, plasmolysis
- Long Distance Transport
- Apoplant, symplast, root pressure, transpiration pull
- Transportation and Guttation
- Opening and closing of stomata
- Role of K+ ions
-Uptake of mineral and their translocation
- Transportation through xylem and phloem
-Plants and mineral nutrition
- Essential minerals, macro- and micronutrients and their role
- Defficiency symptoms
- Mineral toxicity
- Elementry idea of Hydroponics as a Method to study mineral nutrition
- Nitrogen metabolism: Nitrogen cycle, biological nitrogen fixation
-Plants Respiration
- Exchange of gases
- Cellular respiration: glycolysis, fermentation (anaerobic)
- Energy Relation: Number of ATP molecules generated
- Amphibiotic pathways
- Respiratory quotient of nutrients
-Photosynthesis
- Autotropic nutrition
- Site of photosynthesis
- Photosynthetic pigments (Elementary idea)
- Photosynthetic and biosynthetic phases of photosynthesis
- Cyclic and non-cyclic photophosphorylation
- Chemismotic hypothesis
- Phototrespiration
- C and C pathways
- Factors affecting photosynthesis
- Law of Limiting Factors
-Plant Growth and Development
- Phases of plant growth and plant growth rate
- Condition fo Growth
- Differentiation, dedifferentiation and redifferentiation
- Sequence of developmental process in a plant cell
- Growth regulators: auxin, gibberellin, cytokinin, ethylene, ABA
- Photomorphogenesis including brief account of phytochromes
(Elementary Idea)
- Seed germination
- Seed dormancy
- Vermalisation
- Photoperiodism

UNIT V: HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY
Digestion and Absorption
- Human alimentary canal and Digestive glands
- Role of digesitive enzymes and gastrointestinal hormones
- Peristalsis
- Digestion, absorption and assimilation of proteins, carbodydrates and fats
- Calorific value of proteins, carbodydrates and fats
- Egestion
- Nutritional and digestive disorders – P E M, indigestion, constipation, vomiting, jaundice

Breathing and Respiration
- Respiratory organts in animals (Recall only)
- Respiratory system in humans
- Mechanism of Breathing and its regulation in humans
- Exchange of gases, transport of gases and regulation of respiration in humans
- Respiratory volumes
- Disorders related to respiration – Asthma, Emphysema, Occupational Respiratory disorders

Body fluids and Circulation
- Composition of blood, Blood groups, Coagulation of blood
- Composition of Lymph and function
- Human circulatory system
- Structure of human heart and blood vessels
- Cardiac cycle, Cardiac output, ECG
- Double circulation
- Regulation of cardiac activity
- Disorders of circulatory system – Hypertension, Coronary artery disease, Angina pectoris, heart failure

Excretory products and their elimination
- Modes of excretion – Ammonotelism, ureotelism, uricotelism
- Human excretory system-structure and function
- Urine formation, Osmoregulaion
- Regulation of kidney function, Renin-angiotensin, Antinatriuretic factor, ADH and Diabeters insipidus
- Role of other organs in excretion
- Disoders – Uraemia, Renal failure, Renal calculi, Nephritis
- Dialysis and artificial kidney

Locomotion and Movement
- Types of movement – ciliary, flagellar, muscular
- Skeletal muscle _ contractile proteins and muscle contraction
- Skeletal system and its functions. (to be dealt with the relvent practical of practical syllabus)
- Joints
- Disorders of muscular and skeletal systm – Myasthenia gravis, Tetany, Muscular dystrophy, Arthritis, Osteoporosis Gout

Neural control and coordination
- Neural and nerves
- Nervous system in humans
- Central Nervous system, Peripheral Nervous system and Viseral Nervous system
- Generation and conduction of nerve impulse
- Reflex action
- Sensory Perception
- Elementary structure and function of eye and ear and general idea of other sense organs

Chemical coordination and regulation
- Endocrine glands and hormones
- Human endocrine system – Hypothalamus, Pituitary, Pineal, Thyroid, Parathyroid, Adrenal, Pancreas, Gonads
- Mechanism of hormone action (Elementary Idea)
- Role of hormones as messengers and regulators
- Hypo- and hyperactivity and related disorders, (Common disorders eg. Dwarfism, Acromegaly, Cretinism, goiter, exopthalmic goiter, diabetes, Addison’s disease)

IMP: Diseases related to all the human physiology systems to be taught in brief.

Recommended Textbooks
A text book in Biology, Published by NCERT

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